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autumn

/ˈɔːtəm/

Season between summer and winter

From Latin, ultimate origin uncertain autumn (Autumn or the season after summer).

noun
autumn
Latin
Verified
autumnus
Name for the season; ultimate origin is unknown, perhaps Etruscan. The spelling auctumnus may have been influenced by auctus, “increase.”

from Latin autumnus (also auctumnus, perhaps influenced by auctus "increase"), which is of unknown origin, perhaps

+1 more source
Old French
AI-inferred
autumpne, automne
13th-century French forms inherited from Latin.
Middle French
Verified
automne
The form that continued the French seasonal name.

from Middle French automne

Middle English
Verified
autumpne
Borrowed by English in the late 14th century; the modern spelling developed in the 16th century.

from Middle English autumpne

Modern English
autumn
“

For much of English history, people called this season harvest, a practical name for the period of gathering crops. Then, in the late 14th century, English borrowed autumpne from French, which had inherited it from Latin autumnus. Here comes the surprising part: unlike summer, winter, and spring, autumn has no securely reconstructed Indo-European ancestor; scholars have even suggested an Etruscan source, perhaps connected with Vertumnus, the deity of Rome’s changing year. The Latin form may also have been nudged by auctus, “increase,” possibly evoking the season’s ripening abundance. North Americans later popularized fall, a vivid reference to falling leaves, while autumn remained the more international form. So when autumn arrives, the word itself is changing history in miniature: a mysterious foreign name replacing harvest, while the trees perform the translation in red and gold.

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