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conscientious

/ˌkɑnʃiˈɛnʃəs/

Careful, responsible, and guided by moral duty

From Latin conscience (Inner moral knowledge).

adjective
conscience
Latin
Verified
conscientia
“Knowledge within oneself; moral sense,” from conscire, “to know together.”

from Latin conscientia "sense of right, moral sense" (see conscience ). Related: Conscientiously ; conscientiousness ....

Medieval Latin
Verified
conscientiosus
“Governed by or possessing conscience”; the source of the adjective.

from Medieval Latin conscientiosus

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Middle French
Verified
conscientieux
“Conscientious, scrupulous,” borrowed into English through French.

from French conscientieux (16c.; Modern French consciencieux )

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English, 1610s
AI-inferred
conscientious
Originally describing people governed by their knowledge of right and wrong.
Modern English
conscientious

Picture a medieval person carrying a tiny courtroom inside the skull: that is the image hidden in conscience. Latin conscientia meant “knowledge within oneself,” built from the idea of knowing something together or thoroughly; English inherited conscientious through Medieval Latin conscientiosus and Middle French conscientieux. The deeper Latin verb, conscire, is related to scire, “to know,” and the same family gives us conscious—so a conscientious person is, linguistically speaking, someone intensely awake to the moral consequences of an act. English had the adjective by the 1610s, but its most public modern role arrived with the phrase “conscientious objector,” recorded in 1896 during disputes over compulsory vaccination and later strongly associated with World War I military service. Remember it as conscience with its sleeves rolled up: not merely knowing what is right, but carefully doing the job in accordance with that knowledge.

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