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gun

/ɡʌn/

Weapon that propels projectiles by explosive force

From Middle English, probably from Old Norse gun (Battle or a war engine).

noun
noun
verb
verb
gun
Proto-Indo-European
Verified
*gwhen-
reconstructed
Reconstructed root meaning “to strike, kill”; proposed ancestor of the Norse battle element.

from PIE *gwhen- "to strike, kill" (see bane ); for second, see Hilda . The identification of women with powerful...

Old Norse
Verified
gunnr
“Battle”; one proposed direct source of the medieval weapon word.

from Old Norse gunnr "battle." The word also was perhaps influenced by or confirmed by (or possibly from) Old French...

Old Norse
Verified
Gunnhildr
Female name combining gunnr “battle” and hildr “battle”; another proposed source, apparently used as a nickname for war engines.

from Old Norse Gunnhildr , a compound of gunnr and hildr , both meaning "war, battle." First element

Middle English
Verified
gunne, gonne
By the mid-14th century, “an engine of war” throwing missiles with explosive force.

from Middle English gunne, gonne, possibly

Modern English
Verified
gun
Shortened form applied broadly to cannons, firearms, pistols, and related devices.

from Old Norse Gunnhildr , a compound of gunnr and hildr , both meaning "war, battle." First element

+1 more source
Modern English
gun

In medieval England, a cannon may have answered to the name of a woman. An Anglo-Latin inventory from Windsor Castle in 1330 mentions a massive weapon called Domina Gunilda—“Lady Gunilda”—and Middle English soon shortened the formidable lady into gunne. Her name came from Old Norse Gunnhildr, a double dose of “battle,” although some scholars think the word may have come directly from Old Norse gunnr, “battle,” or been influenced by Old French engin, “engine.” The weapon’s meaning expanded as technology changed: from stone-throwing cannon to muskets, rifles, pistols, and even the slang sense of a powerful athlete. So every time someone says “gun,” they may be echoing either a Norse warrior woman or an ancient word for battle—the linguistic equivalent of naming a battleship after someone’s aunt.

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