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loyal

/ˈlɔɪəl/

Faithful and steadfast in allegiance or devotion

From Latin leg-/lēgālis (law).

adjective
noun
leg-/lēgālis
Classical Latin
Verified
lēgālis
“of or relating to law”; derived from lēx, “law”

from Latin lēgālis. Doublet of legal and leal.

Old French
Verified
loial, loial/leial
“law-abiding; honorable; faithful; legitimate”

from Old French loial , leal "of good quality; faithful; honorable; law-abiding; legitimate, born in wedlock,"

+1 more source
Middle French
Verified
loyal
Borrowed into English with the sense “faithful in allegiance”

from French loyal

+1 more source
Modern English
loyal

A loyal person began, linguistically, not in the heart but in the courtroom. Latin lēgālis meant “belonging to the law,” from lēx, “law,” and medieval French softened that legal machinery into Old French loial: someone honorable, law-abiding, and—rather wonderfully—legitimate, meaning born within wedlock. By the 1530s, English loyal described subjects who faithfully kept their obligations to a sovereign; around 1600, the word widened to include dogs, lovers, friends, and anyone else who did not quietly change sides. Loyal is also a doublet of legal, while royal and regal display a similar French-versus-Latin pairing: French loial became loyal, just as roial became royal, while the more Latin-looking forms survived as legal and regal. So when you call a friend loyal, you are faintly invoking an old legal contract—the idea that devotion is not merely a feeling, but a promise you keep when breaking it would be easier.

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