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malinger

/məˈlɪŋɡər/

Pretend illness to avoid duty or gain advantage

From French malingre (Ailing).

verb
malingre
French, 13th century
Verified
malingre
“Ailing, sickly”; the adjective underlying the verb

from French malingrer "to suffer," a slang word that probably also at one time meant "pretend to be ill,"

+1 more source
French
Verified
malingrer
“To suffer,” and probably also “to pretend to be ill”

from French malingrer "to suffer," a slang word that probably also at one time meant "pretend to be ill,"

+1 more source
English, 1820
AI-inferred
malinger
“To pretend illness to escape duty”
Modern English
malinger

In medieval French, a malingre person was simply sickly or fragile; the word did not initially require any deception. Its verb, malingrer, later acquired a darker social setting, probably through beggars who displayed sham sores or pretended illness to stir compassion. English adopted malinger in 1820, turning feigned weakness into a recognizable strategy for escaping military service, work, or other obligations. The ultimate French origin is uncertain: one theory sees a blend involving mingre “sickly,” malade “ill,” maigre “meager,” and possibly Germanic hager “thin.” So a malingerer is not merely someone who feels unwell but someone staging illness as a performance—the sickroom transformed into an alibi.

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