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orthodox

/ˈɔːrθədɑks/

Holding to established, accepted doctrine

From Greek ortho (straight) + Greek dox (opinion).

adjective
noun
ortho
Greek
AI-inferred
orthos (ὀρθός)
straight, upright, correct
Ancient Greek
Verified
orthodoxos (ὀρθόδοξος)
built with orthos + doxa, meaning 'right-thinking'

from Greek orthodoxos "having the right opinion,"

Late Latin
Verified
orthodoxus
borrowed as a learned Christian term

from Late Latin orthodoxus

Middle French
Verified
orthodoxe
passed into Romance scholarly usage

from Middle French orthodoxe and its etymon Late Latin orthodoxus

dox
Proto-Indo-European
Verified
*dek-
reconstructed
to take, accept

from PIE root *dek- "to take, accept"). Of other subjects than religion or theology

Greek
AI-inferred
dokein (δοκεῖν)
to seem, think
Greek
AI-inferred
doxa (δόξα)
opinion, belief, reputation
Ancient Greek
Verified
orthodoxos (ὀρθόδοξος)
the 'opinion' element joined with orthos

from Greek orthodoxos "having the right opinion,"

Combined
orthodoxos
Greek compound meaning 'right opinion'; later a theological label in Late Latin
Middle English
Verified
orthodoxe
learned borrowing through French and Latin

from Middle French orthodoxe and its etymon Late Latin orthodoxus

Modern English
Verified
orthodox
broadened from theology to any conventional belief

from Late Latin orthodoxus

+1 more source
Modern English
orthodox

A Greek speaker could praise your thinking without ever agreeing with you, because doxa was just 'opinion'—the sort of thing people hold after listening, guessing, or being convinced. Then orthos marched in, meaning straight or right, and the two fused into orthodoksos, a wonderfully smug little package of 'right opinion.' Christians in Late Latin picked it up as orthodoxus, and by the mid-1400s English was using it for the approved theological line, the opposite of heresy. That same doxa shows up in paradox, where an opinion seems to stand beside itself in a funhouse mirror, while orthos also lives on in orthodontics and orthography, forever trying to straighten things out. After the Great Schism, and later in disputes among Quakers and Jews, the word became a badge of the side that claimed to have the straight line. In other words: orthodoxy is what happens when a road of thought decides it would rather be a ruler.

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