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pig

/pɪɡ/

A swine; also its meat or greedy person

From O.English / Germanic, ultimate origin uncertain pig (Piglet or swine).

noun
verb
pig
Old English
Verified
*picga / *pycga
reconstructed
Reconstructed form; recorded in picgbrēad, “mast, pig-fodder.”

from Old English *picg , found in compounds, but, like dog , its further etymology unknown. The older general word for...

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Middle English
Verified
pigge
Originally “young pig” or “piglet”; adult swine were commonly called swyn.

from Middle English pigge (“pig, piglet”) (originally a term for a young pig, with adult pigs being swyn (“swine”))

Early Modern English
Verified
pig
By the early 14th century, used for swine of any age or sex.

from Middle English pigge (“pig, piglet”) (originally a term for a young pig, with adult pigs being swyn (“swine”))

Modern English
Verified
pig
Animal, meat, verb, and several figurative senses.

from Middle English pigge (“pig, piglet”) (originally a term for a young pig, with adult pigs being swyn (“swine”))

Modern English
pig

For centuries, English kept a tidy age-and-sex filing system for these animals: a young one was a pig, a female was a sow, a male was a boar, and the general adult term was swine. Then, sometime in the early 1300s, pig stopped caring about the paperwork and became the word for the whole barnyard. Its deepest ancestry is murky: it may belong with Germanic forms such as Middle Low German pûke and Dutch big, though the sound changes are troublesome, and one proposed connection reaches toward Proto-Indo-European *perk-, “dig, furrow,” via another Old English pig-word, fearh. That possible digging link would fit the animal’s famously purposeful snout, while its later figurative career supplied “greedy person” and, by at least 1785, the contemptuous slang sense “police officer.” Sailors even avoided saying pig aloud, using grunter or porker instead—a superstition perhaps tied to the drowned Gadarene swine. A pig can therefore be a barnyard animal, a policeman, a glutton, or a piece of meat: one short word with an unexpectedly crowded pen.

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