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thanks

/θæŋks/

An expression of gratitude or appreciation

From Proto-Indo-European teng (to think).

noun
verb
interjection
teng
Proto-Indo-European
Verified
*teng-
reconstructed
“to think, feel”; the reconstructed ancestor associated with mental reflection

from Proto-Indo-European *teng- (“to think, feel”). More at thank.

Proto-Germanic
Verified
*þankōs
reconstructed
Plural noun meaning “thought, gratitude”

from Proto-Germanic *þankōs, nominative plural of *þankaz (“thought, gratitude”)

Old English
Verified
þancas
“thanks”; related to grateful thought and good will

from Old English þanc , þonc in its secondary sense of "grateful thought, good will, gratitude." This is

+1 more source
Middle English
Verified
thanks, thankes
Plural form that developed into the modern expression

from Middle English thanks, thankes

Modern English
thanks

Before thanks became something you said while accepting a gift, it was closer to a grateful thought held in the mind. Old English þanc and þancas could mean “thought,” “purpose,” or “good will”—a surprisingly spacious mental room for one small word. By the 1580s, “thanks” had become the familiar acknowledgment we use today, shortened from phrases such as “I give you thanks.” Its Germanic cousins are still visible in Dutch dank and German Dank, while English think and thought preserve the older connection between gratitude and mental attention. Even the sarcastic “Thanks for burning down my house” shows the word’s modern flexibility: gratitude can be sincere, ritual, or a sharply raised eyebrow.

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