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unjust

/ʌnˈdʒʌst/

Not fair, lawful, or morally right

From O.English / Germanic un- (not) + Latin, through Old French just (lawful).

adjective
un-
Old English
un-
Negative prefix meaning “not”; used to reverse or deny an adjective’s meaning
Middle English
un-
Continued as the productive negative prefix in English
just
Latin
ius
“Law, right, legal entitlement”
Latin
iustus
“Upright, lawful, righteous, proper”
Old French
juste
“Just, righteous, sincere”
Middle English
juste
Borrowed adjective meaning “righteous, fair, lawful”
Combined
Middle English un- + juste → unjust
The negative prefix un- combines with just to mean “not fair, lawful, or right”; the form is attested from the late 14th century.
Modern English
unjust
Describing people, actions, laws, or outcomes that violate fairness or justice
Modern English
unjust

A judge’s “just” decision began life as a legal idea, not a vague feeling of niceness: Latin ius meant “law” or “a right,” and iustus described what stood in accordance with it. That word crossed into Old French as juste and then arrived in Middle English, where speakers attached the sturdy negative prefix un- to make unjust—literally, “not just.” The word’s family has some surprising courtroom cousins: a jurist and a jury both carry the same Latin legal inheritance, while injury originally involved a wrong or violation of someone’s right. By the late 14th century, unjust could describe both a sinful person and an unlawful or wrongful action. Think of it as a tiny linguistic verdict: just says “the law is satisfied,” while un- turns the judge’s stamp upside down.

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